Frequently Asked Questions

The tower can use the evaporative heat dissipation process to remove heat from the water, cooling it to a temperature close to the wet bulb temperature,

so that the stuffed contact fills receive, from the sprinkler nozzles, the distribution of the hot water from the process,

by increasing the contact surface between cold air and hot water in the cross-channels, taking the heat out of the water.

And in some models, the tower can operate without the contact fills,

so that the hot water from the process comes into direct contact with the cold air blown in from the outside,

cooling it to a temperature close to the dry bulb temperature.

The contact fills must be chosen according to the temperature and characteristic of the processed water to be cooled,

so that PVC can withstand up to 55°C and PP up to 85°C.

The BG type (Grid Blocks) has a cross-wave format in PP or PVC, resisting waters with up to 120 ppm.

The BRT type (Tubular Splash Bar) has a tubular format in PP or PVC, supporting waters with high levels of suspended solids.

The BF type (Film Blocks) has a PVC honeycomb format, applied only to clean water.

The axial fans can be installed either at the air inlet on the side of the tower in forced draught, insufflating cold air from outside to inside, or they can be installed at the air outlet at the top of the tower in induced draught, sucking in hot air from inside to outside the tower, with air intake horizontally and air discharge vertically in an upward movement, being silenced at 76db(A).

The centrifugal fans, sirocco type, are super quiet and appropriate for environments that require very low noise level such as hospitals, universities, theatres, cinemas, among others, being installed in the air intake on the side of the tower in forced draft, insufflating the cold air from outside to inside, with air intake and discharge horizontally, being super silenced at 72db(A).

Aspiration is when the fan pulls the hot air from inside the tower out, discharging it into the atmosphere,

and insufflation is when the fan blows cold air from the outside into the cooling tower.

In countercurrent, the airflow is captured at the horizontal inlets on the tower sides, rising vertically in an upward motion to be discharged by the fan,

while the water flow is distributed by nozzles at the top of the tower, flowing downward against the rising air current.

In cross current, the airflow is captured on the vertical faces of the tower sides, entering and exiting in a straight line and crossing with the flow of water that is coming down.

In the gravity water distribution system in cross-flow towers,

gravity distribution nozzles are used through open channels,

with a main channel and other branch channels in PRFV (Fiberglass reinforced polyester) or steel,

being indicated for waters with a higher concentration of solids due to the easy cleaning,

while in the pressurized water distribution system in towers with countercurrent flow,

distribution nozzles are used by pressurization through closed pipes,

with a larger diameter main pipe and other branch pipes in PVC, PP, or PRFV (Fiberglass reinforced polyester),

being indicated for cleaner water and with less concentration of solids, avoiding clogging.

The cooling process of the tower in open loop happens by pumping hot water to the top of the tower, so that it is distributed by means of sprinkler nozzles, forming drops of water. These drops fall on contact fills, enabling greater contact of the hot water with the cold air in the counterflow. This way, the open loop cooling tower performs the heat dissipation by air through water evaporation.

The countercurrent aspirated or insufflated cooling tower can be manufactured in a closed loop, indicated for industrial processes in which the water is not allowed to come into contact with the external environment due to the need to preserve its characteristics, using a fire-galvanized carbon steel or stainless steel coil for the water circulation only. Because it has small water passages, difficult to clean, it cannot receive dirty water in ppm in order not to clog the distribution systems, being a type of tower whose main advantage is the conservation of the water quality and the exemption of incrustations or any type of external contamination, substantially decreasing the replacement or evaporation water consumption, relying on centrifugal pumps for the recirculation of the successively reused water.

Preventive maintenance is all about anticipating failures that may occur and mitigating them, by means of interventions made on a daily basis, in a planned, prepared, and scheduled manner.

Predictive maintenance boils down to a more punctual action on each machine, individually evaluating the time that the machine has been available for use, by means of calculation:

A = [available time / (available time + unavailable time)] x 100, so that if one machine shows an availability index that is far below the others, there must be intervention.

Prescriptive maintenance is all about implementing advanced technology in machine monitoring to collect and cross-reference data that generates insights into potential failures,

Corrective maintenance is all about correcting a process that has been interrupted and caused delays in production with various losses due to the stopped machine.

Refurbishment or revamp is the recovery and restoration of the thermal capacity of the water cooling tower that was originally established,

while recapacitation or retrofit is an upgrade in the water cooling tower for the expansion of the originally designed thermal capacity.

There are pros and cons that need to be considered when deciding whether to rent or buy a water cooling tower.

The rental of a cooling tower is necessary to meet specific or emergency needs,

using the equipment only in seasonal periods to supply insufficiencies in thermal exchange or when a programmed stoppage occurs, serving as a palliative solution,

and optimizing the use of the limited physical space in the manufacturing plant, in addition to the exemption with maintenance costs.

The acquisition of a cooling tower is necessary when the industrial process requires constant heat exchange,

it has to be custom-designed according to the specific cooling demand of the process water,

considering the calculation of the size based on the water flow that the equipment will operate, temperatures: hot and cold desirable, and location to evaluate the TBU (Wet Bulb Temperature) and altitude of the region.